(this list is not exhaustive).
1. Research and development (e.g. pharmaceutical, pesticide, CFC and HCFC substitutes).
1.1 Reaction solvent or reaction feedstock (e.g. Diels-Alder and Friedel-Craft Reactions, RuO3 oxidation, allelic side bromination, etc.).
2. Analytical uses and regulated applications (including quality control).
2.1 Reference
- Chemical (ODS monitoring, volatile organic compound (VOC) Detection, Equipment Calibration).
- Toxicant
- Product (adhesive bond strength, breathing filter test).
2.2 Extraction
- Pesticide and heavy metal detection (e.g. in food).
- Oil mist analysis
- Colour and food additive detection
- Oil detection in water and soil (*).
2.3 Diluent
- Zinc, copper, cadmium detection in plants and food
- Microchemical methods to determine molecular weight or oxygen
- Measuring drug purity and residual determination
- Sterilization of lab equipment
2.4 Carrier (Inert).
- Forensic methods (e.g. fingerprinting) (*).
- Titration (cholesterol in eggs, drug chemical characteristics, "Iodine value", e.g. in oils and chemical products).
- Analytical equipment (spectroscopy (infra-red, ultra-violet, nuclear magnetic resonance, fluorescence), chromatography (high-pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography).
2.5 Tracer
- Sanitary engineering
2.6 Miscellaneous (including testing).
- Ingredient in material for testing (e.g. asphalt, metal fatigue and fracturing) (*).
- Separation media (separation of extraneous materials such as filth and insect excreta from stored food products).
3. Miscellaneous (including biochemical).
3.1 Laboratory method development
3.2 Sample preparation using solvent
(*) Eliminated from the global exemption for laboratory and analytical uses for controlled substances as per decision XI/15.
(UNEP/OzL.Pro.11/10 Decision X1/15).